Shock Factory: The Visual Culture of Industrial Music (Global Punk)

Industrial music appeared in the mid-1970s, and far from being a simple sound experimentation phenomenon, it quickly spawned a coherent visual culture operating at the intersection of a multitude of media (collage, mail art, installation, film, performance, sound, video) and initiated a close inspection of the legacy of modernity and the growing, pervasive influence of technology. Originally British, the movement soon outgrew Europe, extending into the United States and Japan during the 1980s.The sound experiments conducted by industrial bands - designing synthesizers, manipulating and transforming recorded sounds from audio tapes, either recycled or laid down by the artists - were backed up by a rich array of radical visual productions, deriving their sources from the modernist utopias of the first part of the 20th century.Such saturated sounds were translated into abrasive images, manipulated through the détournement of reprographic techniques (Xerox art), that investigated polemical