Armies of Arthurian Britain: History, Organization and Equipment

Following the evacuation of the Roman troops after AD 410, Britain entered a period characterized by the co-existence of competing military systems.The Britons, who had been progressively ‘Romanized’ during the previous centuries, retained many elements of the military organization that was typical of the Late Empire; these, however, were mixed with important components drawn from pre-Roman Celtic tradition.In Wales the ‘Romanization’ of the local population had never been complete and the Britons from this region fought in a way that had evolved relatively little from the pre-Roman era.The military forces of Sub-Roman Britain faced two main kinds of enemies from the early fifth century AD, the Celtic peoples coming from Scotland or Ireland and the Germanic communities coming from Continental Europe, each bringing distinctive styles of warfare and equipment drawing on their own traditions. Gabriele Esposito details the military campaigns that took place in Britain from the mid-fifth ce