Attribution of Non-State Actor Conduct During Armed Conflict (The Lieber Studies Series)

Armed conflict today involves a plethora of non-State actors including armed groups, private military companies, and hackers operating in the cyber domain.Frequently, these non-State actors act in a way that violates international law, for example by harming civilians, and they commonly act with the benefit of some form of State support.This raises critical questions about State responsibility.Attribution of Non-State Actor Conduct During Armed Conflict explores when and how international law attributes non-State actor conduct to a State, thereby triggering that State's international responsibility.Focusing on the six rules of attribution outlined in the International Law Commission's Articles on State Responsibility, the book provides a rigorous analysis of their practical application in the context of armed conflict.Using detailed case studies from the conflicts in Syria, Ukraine, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo, it examines each of the rules of attribution in turn, demonstr