Human Motives: Hedonism, Altruism, and the Science of Affect

Motivational hedonism (often called "psychological hedonism") claims that everything we do is done in pursuit of pleasure (in the widest sense) and to avoid pain and displeasure (again, in the widest sense).Although perennially attractive, many philosophers and experimental psychologists have claimed to refute it. Human Motives shows how decision-science and the recent science of affect can be used to construct a form of motivational hedonism that evades all previous critiques.On this view, we take decisions by anticipating and responding affectively to the alternatives, with the pleasure/displeasure component of affect constituting the common currency of decision-making.But we do not have to believe that the alternatives will bring us pleasure or displeasure in the future.Rather, those feelings get bound into and become parts of the future-directed representation of the options, rendering the latter attractive or repulsive.Much then depends on what pleasure and displeasure really are.