Oceanography: The Basics

Earth’s oceans are vital for sustaining life on our planet.Oceanography is an intrinsically multidisciplinary science that explores how the ocean does this.The author uses plankton as a focus for the book, drawing together the physics of the ocean circulation, the chemistry of nutrients and carbon, and the biology of the plankton. The book begins by describing the major ocean currents and tides, and the importance of stratification, or layers, in the ocean.It explains how microscopic plants and animals, the plankton, are fundamental to ocean food chains and Earth’s climate, and shows how ocean currents and mixing control the global distribution of plankton.Contrasts are explored between the open ocean and the shallow coastal seas, to help understand why the shallow seas are so productive.Case studies illustrate how the ocean supports fish, including upwelling of deep nutrients, the links between plankton and fish, and how ocean currents provide vital transport routes for fish eggs and